基层环境执法难的问题、原因及对策——以“上虞市”为例

XCLW19285  基层环境执法难的问题、原因及对策——以“上虞市”为例  (字数：6257)

摘要

改革开放以来，中国经济快速发展，环境问题日益突出，引起了政府和人民的广泛关注。为适应经济发展、环境保护和环境执法的需要，有关部门对上述部分法律法规进行了完善和修订，并颁布了一些新的法律法规。然而，环境执法投资在省、市、县执法机构中分布不均匀。从人力、资金、设备上看，市执法机构是最好的，县级执法机构是最差的，县级环境执法状况也令人堪忧，需要进一步改善。文本以上虞市为例，分析了上虞市环境执法现状，存在执法态度不端、执法能力不足的问题。以上虞市引出我国现阶段环境执法存在问题的成因分析，如相关法律法规不完善，执法工作人员素质不高，执法工作体制不健全，执法经费保障不足等原因。文章最后提出了破解基层环境执法难的对策建议，如完善和健全相关法律，加强基层环境执法经费保障，提升基层环境执法人员素质，理顺环境执法工作体制机制等。

关键词:基层；环境执法；问题；原因；对策

Abstract

Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has been developing rapidly, and environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. In order to meet the needs of economic development, environmental protection and environmental law enforcement, relevant departments have improved and revised some of the above laws and regulations and promulgated some new laws and regulations. However, investment in environmental law enforcement is not evenly distributed among law enforcement agencies in provinces, cities and counties. From the perspective of manpower, capital and equipment, municipal law enforcement agencies are the best, while county-level law enforcement agencies are the worst. This paper takes shangyu city as an example to analyze the current situation of environmental law enforcement in shangyu city. The causes of the existing problems of environmental law enforcement in China at the present stage are analyzed in shangyu city, for example, the relevant laws and regulations are not perfect, the quality of law enforcement personnel is not high, the law enforcement work system is not sound, and the law enforcement funds are insufficient. The author puts forward some countermeasures and Suggestions to solve the difficulties of environmental law enforcement at the grassroots level, such as improving and perfecting relevant laws, strengthening the funding guarantee of environmental law enforcement at the grassroots level, improving the quality of environmental law enforcement personnel at the grassroots level, and straightening the system and mechanism of environmental law enforcement.

Key words: environmental law enforcement, causes, countermeasures

目    录

摘要I

AbstractI

引言1

一、 基层环境执法难的现状——以上虞市为例1

（一） 基层环境执法态度不端1

（二） 基层环境执法能力不足1

1． 执法人员素质不高（不要用斜体，下同）1

2． 监测手段陈旧1

3． 技术设备落后2

4． 执法经费不足2

二、 基层环境执法存在问题的成因分析2

（一） 基层环境执法相关法律法规不完善2

1． 法律责任不严谨2

2． 法律处罚不严格2

（二） 基层环境执法工作体制不健全2

（三） 基础环境执法人员素质不高3

（四） 基层环境执法经费保障不力3

三、 破解基层环境执法难的对策建议3

（一） 完善和健全相关法律法规3

1． 完善相关法律法规3

2． 明确各部门工作职能4

（二） 理顺环境执法工作体制机制4

（三） 提升基层环境执法人员素质4

（四） 加强基层环境执法经费保障5

四、 结语5

参考文献6

致谢7